Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel SCPC-CO<sub>3</sub>Ap Cement for Pulp Capping Application in Dentistry

Abstract

Silica-calcium phosphate composite (SCPC) and carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) have several superior properties as they are bioactive, bioresorbable and elicit excellent tissue response. The CO3Ap surface layer and hydrated silica developed on the surface of the SCPC may be a key factor for achieving dentin regeneration. On the other hand, calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] have antibacterial properties and biocompatible to dental tissue. Therefore, the combination of CO3Ap, SCPC, and Ca(OH)2 in a bone cement may be favorable as a pulp capping agent that enhances pulp tissue formation and dentin regeneration. The aim of the present study is to synthesize and characterize a novel SCPC-CO3Ap cement for pulp capping application in dentistry. The cement is composed of dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), vaterite, Ca(OH)2 and SCPC. The set cement was further characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The microstructure of set cement was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the mechanical strength was evaluated by diametral tensile strength (DTS). The FT-IR analyses revealed that the additional bands of carbonate were detected in each sample. The SEM samples of set cement showing more compact surface microstructure of group II compared to other groups. Furthermore, the combination of 5% SCPC and 5% Ca(OH)2 in the cement facilitated a compact structure with superior mechanical strength. The novel SCPC-CO3Ap cement has great potential to be used for pulp capping to facilitate dentin regeneration.