Synthesis and characterization of a new 1-methyl imidazole derived ligand with its ionic complexes Pd(II) and Pt(IV) and study of biological activity as anticancer and antioxidant

Abstract

The preparation and spectral identification of metal complexes for Pd(II) and Pt (IV) ions with new heterocyclic azo dye as ligand 2′[2′-(1-Hydroxy-4-methyl phenyl)azo] −1-methyl imidazole (HPA-1-MeI) were prepared by reacting diazonium chloride salt solution of 2-amino -4- methyl phenol with 1-methyl imidazole in alkaline ethanolic solution. Differing spectral techniques have been used to study the structures of the azo dye ligand (HPA-1-MeI) and chelate complexes such as elemental analysis (C.H.N), spectrum, 1H NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, XRD, thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), FE-SEM, and magnetic measurements. The molar conductivity indicates that the Pd(II) complex is not an electrolyte and does not contain conductive species, while the Pt(IV)-complex is the electrolyte because it contains Cl outside the coordination sphere. The results confirmed that the ligand (N, N, O) behaves as a tridentate and coordinates to the metal ion via the nitrogen atom of the azomethine group (CN) of heterocyclic imidazole molecule, nitrogen atom of the azo group (NN) which is the farthest of imidazole ring and the oxygen atom of the phenolic ring. Antioxidant studies of synthesized compounds were also performed by measuring the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to measure the antioxidant activity of produced compounds and compared them with the known antioxidant ascorbic acid. However, in vitro anticancer and toxicity of ligand (HPA-1-MeI) and Pd (II)-Complex were assessed by MTT cytotoxicity assay against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Furthermore, molecular docking studies have been conducted on the potent compounds that have several crucial interactions with STI-571 proteins.