Abstract
Spermidine is a functional ingredient that can extend the lifespan of many foods and indicate meat safety. However, its synthesis and enrichment is expensive and complex. To develop an effective separation material that can offer highly selective recognition of spermidine, we first applied non-covalent molecular imprinting technology using methacrylic acid as a functional monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linker. The adsorption properties of the polymers were analyzed using the Scatchard equation, the Lagergren kinetic equation, and the static distribution coefficient. The optimal polymerization molar ratio of the template molecule spermidine to the functional monomer was 1:4, the maximum adsorption amount was 97.75 μmol/g, and the adsorption equilibrium time was 300 min. The selective experiment showed that the interfering substances tyramine and histamine had selectivity factor α values of 2.01 and 1.78, respectively, indicating that the prepared polymer had good spermidine recognition ability. The density function theory calculations showed that the hydrogen bond strength, steric effect, and product energy caused adsorption and separation differences among the different imprinted polymer complexes.
Highlights
The biological activity of functional food ingredients can involve cellular metabolism
When the spermidine-to-methacrylic acid (SPD–MAA) ratio was 1:4, the adsorption capacity of the Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) did not increase with the adsorption time, but first reached maximum absorption at 10 min, which was still not the equilibrium time, and reached maximum absorption at 150 min
This phenomenon shows that the previous adsorption was non-specific because the spermidine molecules attaches to the surfaces of the MIPs and cannot form stable complexes with MIPs’ highly selective recognition site; it was easy for spermidine to be released over time
Summary
The biological activity of functional food ingredients can involve cellular metabolism. The discovery of cell autophagy, which received the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, has extended human life [1], and our daily living is associated with numerous functional food ingredients that regulate cell autophagy levels [2]. Spermidine, which is widespread in soybeans, matured cheeses, and whole grains, plays roles in various life activities, and affects cell growth [3,4], demonstrating potential applications in the biological field [5]. Spermidine can accumulate in contaminated aquatic and meat products, and pose a strong subacute toxicity when present in high amounts [6]. Spermidine and nitrite can produce carcinogens such as N-nitrosopiperidine in high-temperature-processed raw meat [7]. We tried to enrich and identify spermidine by molecular imprinting technology with a simple polymerization method
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