Abstract
The emergence of new infectious agents is a potential risk associated with genetic manipulation and field cultivation of genetically modified organisms and constitutes a new challenge in molecular epidemiology. The main objective of the current study was to synthesize silver nanoparticles and evaluate the antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles. E. coli and Enterococcus sp. were isolated from wastewater samples collected from Kalamu River. The preliminary characterization of silver nanoparticles was carried out using UV-visible spectrophotometer. Noble metals, such as silver nanoparticles, exhibit unique and adjustable optical properties due to their external plasmon resonance. The reduction of silver ions was monitored by measuring the UV-visible spectrum of the solutions after dilution of a small aliquot (0.2 mL) of the aqueous component. The antibiotic susceptibility test results confirmed the inactivity of these antibiotics tested against the wild strain of Enterococcus sp. The synthesized silver nanoparticles displayed a good antibacterial activity against Enterococcus sp. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles is designed precisely to alleviate this situation; and these results provide a strong evidence that silver nanoparticles can be used to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Highlights
The emergence of new infectious agents is a potential risk associated with genetic manipulation and field cultivation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and constitutes a new challenge in molecular epidemiology
It is well established and known that in plant transgenesis, the gene of interest is merged with an antibiotic resistance gene in order to facilitate the selection of transgenic explants leading to the uncertainty of using genetic modified organisms (GMOs)
Gentamycin has an effect on Gram+ bacteria, and on Gram- bacteria and it acts on 30S subunit of ribosome which induces an error in reading the genetic code during protein translation [30]; our findings show that the isolated strains of Enterococcus sp. are resistant to gentamicin
Summary
The emergence of new infectious agents is a potential risk associated with genetic manipulation and field cultivation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and constitutes a new challenge in molecular epidemiology. It is well established and known that in plant transgenesis, the gene of interest is merged with an antibiotic resistance gene in order to facilitate the selection of transgenic explants leading to the uncertainty of using genetic modified organisms (GMOs). Bacteria have developed different mechanisms to render ineffective the antibiotics used against them The genes encoding these defense mechanisms are located on the bacterial chromosome or on extrachromosomal plasmids, and are transmitted to the generation (vertical gene transfer). Genetic elements, such as plasmids, can be exchanged among bacteria of different taxonomic affiliation (horizontal gene transfer) [2]
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