Abstract
A number of new symmetrically and asymmetrically 2,3-disubstituted quinoxalines were synthesized through functionalization of 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline (2,3-DCQ) with a variety of sulfur and/or nitrogen nucleophiles. The structures of the obtained compounds were established based on their spectral data and elemental analysis. The antimicrobial activity for the prepared compounds was investigated against four bacterial species and two fungal strains. The symmetrically disubstituted quinoxalines 2, 3, 4, and 5 displayed the most significant antibacterial activity, while compounds 6a, 6b, and the pentacyclic compound 10 showed considerable antifungal activity. Furthermore, compounds 3f, 6b showed broad antimicrobial spectrum against most of the tested strains.
Highlights
The quinoxaline nucleus is one of the most important heterocyclic scaffolds
Chemistryproperties as well as antimicrobial; the antimicrobial activity of some organosulfur compounds hasdifferent been reported against wide spectrum of fungi, bacteria, and viruses [26]
2,3-disubstituted quinoxalines, these organosulfur compounds are used in the treatment of various types of tumors caused by there are two common methods widely used
Summary
Quinoxalines exist in several different biologically active compounds including some antibiotics such as levomycin, actinoleutin and echinomycin which are known to be active against several transplantable tumors [1]. Beside that they have different applications in many fields such as agricultural [2], fluorescent materials [3], dyes [4], electroluminescent materials [5], organic semiconductors [6], organic light emitting devices [7], and medicinal chemistry. Quinoxalines are used in the agricultural field as herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides [2]. Due to this diversity of useful applications for quinoxalines, scientists pay much attention to the classical synthetic methods, their modification, and for new methods for synthesizing quinoxalines to ensure the availability of more functionalized quinoxalines
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