Abstract

Subjects learned and recalled lists of nonsense words presented without sentence structure, or the same words embedded in key syntactical positions in active, passive, or interrogative voice sentences, for three trials. On Trial 4, all S s learned and recalled nonsense words presented in an active voice snetence. In all conditions (active, passive, interrogative, word list) recall decreased, PI (proactive inhibition) increased, from Trial 1 to Trial 3. On Trial 4, the group continuing with active voice showed further PI. The word list group showed a high degree of recovery from PI. The passive and interrogative groups showed intermediate amounts of recovery from PI. The recovery from PI when sentence structure was introduced, or was changed from one voice to another, is taken to indicate use of syntax as an encoding cue for recall.

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