Abstract
The present review introduces the analysis and gathering modern ideas about the novel polymer composites, namely polymer syntactic foams, known as extremely widely used multifunctional materials with unique properties that meet the requirements of advanced high-tech industries. The main classifications, methods of synthesis and characteristization of various types of polymer foams were summarized. Special attention has been paid to structural features and properties of polymer syntactic foams. The main types of polymer matrices and fillers used for synthesis of thermosetting syntactic foams were characterized in details. The influence of initial composition and fabrication techniques applied on morphology, physical-chemical properties and application of composite materials comprising polymer syntactic foams in high-tech industries such as marine and underwater, aerospace, defense and transport has been also established. The review also highlights the analysis of world markets, trends and forecasting the further development of syntactic foams, especially high-performanced ones, disclosing their advantages and disadvantages. Presumable ways of modification of the existing types of polymer syntactic foams as well as perspectiveness of further progress in this research area to obtain the improved high-performance materials are also outlined.
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