SYNPHYTOINDICATION REKREATIONAL ECOLOGICAL CHANGES CONDITIONS OF PLANT FORMATION IN PROTECTED AREAS «BORZHAVA", ZAKARPATSKA LOWLAND

Abstract

Phytocoenoses sensitively respond to changes of ecological regimes and objectively reflect changes in the structure of ecosystems at different levels of organisation.The aim of the research was to estimate the condition of vegetation of the foresr ecosystem of the protected area at the ecosystem level by gradient of recreational transformation.The River Borzhava flows in the protected area and is a favourite place of rest; it starts on the south-west slope of Borzhava meadows, which are located on the Polonynskii ridge.The comparative estimation of the ecological profile areas showed that with approach to the River Borzhava the territory of the protected area becomes more attractive for tourists and is subjected to more intensive recrearional impact. On the whole the analysis showed that dependence of plants on the edaphotope conditions undergoes the greatesr changes, which is caused by different degree of recreational load on phytocoenoses. By the gradient of recreational transformation of the ecoprofile increased contribution of euribionts and hemi-euribionts in the formation of the grass cover on the most transformed sites was detected.It was detected that peculiarities of change of the grass layer of the forest ecosystem of the protected area is characterised by processes of reduction of the level of the soil moistening and increase of the level of illumination under the stand shed on the most degraded sites.It was shown that recreational changes of ecological regimes condition change of the species composition of the grass cover and domination of the species which are more tolerant to transformed forest conditions.The performed analysis at the synecological level testifies that local recreational impact on the forest ecosystem of the protected area results in certain disruption of the integrity and structure of vegetation, reduction of ecological role of the forest in the floodplain.