Abstract
This paper provides a synopsis of the South American genus Diabroctis Gistel, 1858. Five species are assigned to the genus. The type species D. mimas is widely distributed and shows considerable morphological variation in male secondary sexual characters. A substantial number of morphological and geographic data are used to provide an updated diagnosis of this species, and to describe intraspecific variation. A new Brazilian species is described as Diabroctis pseudomimas sp. nov., which has been recognized among specimens confused with D. mimas (Linnaeus) in entomological collections. Additionally, the subspecies D. mimas venezuelensis is elevated to species level. Lectotypes are designated for Phanaeus mirabilis and Phanaeus mimaeformis. Diagnoses, distribution data, and an identification key are provided for all species included in the genus.
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