Abstract
Jet fuel is the fastest-growing oil-based commodity. As it is difficult to substitute it with other energies, more attention is being paid to sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs). Hydrogenated esters and fatty acids (HEFAs) dominate SAF now. The jet fuel consumption forecasts show that the share of petroleum hydrocarbons in jet fuel will remain high until 2050. As oil consumption will decline with electromobility, the availability of straight-run kerosene for jet fuel will also decline. For this reason, the utilization of alternative petroleum fractions, such as hydrocracking kerosene (Jet HC) or hydrotreated heavy FCC naphtha (FCC HN), and their miscibility with HEFA have been studied. These components were generally blendable with HEFA. All properties were linearly dependent on the HEFA content, with the exception of the smoke point. Taking into account the Jet A-1 requirements, only Jet HC met them completely. Since the components have opposing properties, blending them has opened an application window in jet fuel, wider for blends of HEFA with Jet HC (0–68 vol% HEFA) and narrower for HEFA with FCC HN (73–81 vol% HEFA). The limitations were the low density of HEFA and the high density, the high aromatic content, the low smoke point, and the low net calorific value of FCC HN. To expand the application window of FCC HN in jet fuel, further research will focus on the hydrogenation of aromatics.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
