Synergistic Protective Activity of Deuterium Depleted Water (DDW) and Satureja rechingeri Essential Oil on Hepatic Oxidative Injuries Induced by Acetaminophen in Rats

Abstract

Studies presented in this paper report the synergistic protective activities of deuterium depleted water (DDW) with and without Satureja rechingeri oil mixture on acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity in vivo model. The animals were divided into 6 groups (n = 5): The negative control group, the control group received acetaminophen dissolved in DMSO. The treatment groups received only DDW (30 and 60 ppm) concomitant with S. rechingeri oil following acetaminophen. In following, hepatic lipid peroxidation (LP), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR), as well as ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT) and total bilirubin were estimated at 4, 8, 16 and 24 h after acetaminophen treatment. Acetaminophen caused seriously liver damage as noted by significant decrease activities of serum GPx, GR and SOD as well as the GSH content. Also, it resulted in a remarkably elevation of FRAP and LP levels and AST activity. The data indicated the hepatoprotective activity of DDW and DDW + E.O against acetaminophen induced toxicity by significantly depletion levels of hepatic LP and AST followed by elevation levels of the GSH and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx and GR) after administration of acetaminophen. Indeed, these results are in agreement with decreased ACF formations in histopathological biopsies in the treatment groups. Therefore, it was concluded from the current results that DDW alone and in combination with E.O provided a synergistic effects in prevention of acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity in rat. This protection may involve the reduction of oxidative stresses.