Synergistic Interaction of Dietary Pattern and Concordance Lifestyle with Abnormal Liver Function among Young Adults in Taiwan: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study.

Rathi Paramastri,Bayu Satria Wiratama,Hsiu-An Lee,Chien-Yeh Hsu,Yung-Kun Chuang,Jane C.-J Chao

doi:10.3390/nu13103591

Abstract

While diet and lifestyle are independently implicated in the etiology of liver disease, the interaction of diet and lifestyle may be more helpful for determining the risk of liver abnormality. Thus, our study aimed to evaluate the interaction between the dietary pattern associated with liver biomarkers and lifestyle factors among Taiwanese adults with abnormal liver enzymes. A liver-associated dietary pattern, generated using reduced rank regression, was characterized by high intake of soy sauce or other dips, sugar sweetened beverages, and preserved and processed foods, but low intake of seafood, fruits, eggs, and dark-colored vegetables. In the fully adjusted model, liver-associated dietary patterns or unhealthy concordance lifestyle factors were associated with an increased risk of having liver function abnormality (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.12 and OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.31, 1.53, respectively). Moreover, the interaction between liver-associated dietary pattern and unhealthy concordance lifestyle factors showed more significant correlation, with an elevated risk of abnormal liver function (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 2.02, 2.26). Therefore, our study suggests that participants who have a strong liver-associated dietary pattern along with unhealthy concordance lifestyles are likely to have increased odds of abnormal liver function.

Highlights

Our data revealed that after the participants exhibited altered liver enzymes, this condition remained until the last observation
Positive correlations were observed between liverassociated dietary patterns and the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) (β = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.68), aspartate transaminase (AST) (β = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.68), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (β = 12.76, 95% CI: 11.90, 13.62), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (β = 13.59, 95% CI: 12.59, 14.58), and total bilirubin (β = 0.01, 95% CI: 11.90, 0.01, 0.02)
This study revealed that individuals with poor lifestyle behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, abnormal sleep duration, and less physical activity were associated with higher odds of developing abnormal liver function

Summary

Introduction

Liver disease represents the hepatic manifestation of complex metabolic symptoms [1]. Evaluating the hepatic dysfunction includes the diagnosis of hepatocyte injury and structural liver disease based on signs, symptoms, and biochemical measures of serum biomarkers [3,4]. Serum hepatic enzymes such as alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) have been used as parameters for diagnosing defects in liver function [5]. Several conditions of damaged liver can be identified by the elevation of serum ALT, AST, and γ-GT [6,7]

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