Synergistic effects of Tin sulfide Nitrogen-doped titania Nanobelt-Modified graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets with outstanding photocatalytic activity

Abstract

Designing efficient ternary nanostructures is a feasible approach for energy production under simulated solar irradiation. In this study, excellent photoexcited charge carrier separation and enhanced visible-light response were achieved with nitrogen-doped titania nanobelts (N-TNBs), whose 1D geometry facilitated the fabrication of a heterostructure with SnS2 on the surface of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). We established the design of SnS2@N-TNB and SnS2@N-TNB/g-C3N4 heterostructures by in situ hydrothermal and ultrasonication processes, and achieved commendable simulated solar light driven photocatalytic H2 generation. UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy analysis revealed a red shift in the absorption spectra of the SnS2@N-TNB and SnS2@N-TNB/g-C3N4 samples. The H2 produced via SnS2@N-TNB-10/g-C3N4 (6730.8 µmol/g/h) was 2.6 times higher than that produced by SnS2@N-TNB (2515.1 µmol/g/h), and 299 times higher than that produced by N-TNB (22.5 µmol/g/h). The improved photocatalytic H2 production was attributed to the maximum interface contact between SnS2@N-TNB and g-C3N4, and to the improved visible-light absorption and effective charge-carrier separation. Therefore, the present study provides novel insights for combining the advantages of ternary materials to improve the conversion of solar energy to H2 fuel.