Synergistic Effects of the Jackfruit Seed Sourced Resistant Starch and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum subsp. globosum on Suppression of Hyperlipidemia in Mice.

Zeng Zhang,Chenchen Ma,Haibo Chang,Jiachao Zhang,Kaining Chen,Yuanyuan Wang,Shuaiming Jiang,Dongxue Huo,Wenjun Liu,Rajesh Jha,Yanjun Zhang

doi:10.3390/foods10061431

Abstract

Approximately 17 million people suffer from cardiovascular diseases caused by hyperlipidemia, making it a serious global health concern. Among others, resistant starch (RS) has been widely used as a prebiotic in managing hyperlipidemia conditions. However, some studies have reported limited effects of RS on body weight and blood lipid profile of the host, suggesting further investigation on the synergistic effects of RS in combination with probiotics as gut microbes plays a role in lipid metabolism. This study evaluated the effects of jackfruit seed sourced resistant starch (JSRS) as a novel RS on mice gut microbes and hyperlipidemia by performing 16s rRNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that 10% JSRS had a limited preventive effect on bodyweight and serum lipid levels. However, the JSRS promoted the growth of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, which indicated the ability of B. pseudolongum for JSRS utilization. In the validation experiment, B. pseudolongum interacted with JSRS to significantly reduce bodyweight and serum lipid levels and had a therapeutic effect on hepatic steatosis in mice. Collectively, this study revealed the improvements of hyperlipidemia in mice by the synergistic effects of JSRS and B. pseudolongum, which will help in the development of “synbiotics” for the treatment of hyperlipidemia in the future.

Highlights

Hyperlipidemia is a chronic systemic metabolic disease with lower levels of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) due to abnormal fat transport or metabolism [1]
Li et al [8] found that Alistipes, Intestinibacter, Subdoligranulum, and unidentified Ruminococcaceae in the gut were significantly negatively correlated to TG, which was an important indicator of hyperlipidemia
There was no significant difference between the high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD plus jackfruit seed sourced resistant starch (JSRS) groups (Figure S1B)

Summary

Introduction

Hyperlipidemia is a chronic systemic metabolic disease with lower levels of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) due to abnormal fat transport or metabolism [1]. LDL-C decreased significantly after four weeks of treatment This was similar to a study reporting that body weight and liver triglycerides of C57BL/6J mice did not change after being fed a 45%-fat diet with 20% high-amylose-maize RS [20]. This might be because different types of RS are affected differently due to their fermentation characteristics, thereby affecting the gut physiology and health differently [21], which is affected by the gut microbial ecology [22]. There is limited or no information about the effect of jackfruit seed sourced resistant starch (JSRS) on the intestinal microbiota and hyperlipidemia, requiring exploration

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion