Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is the pathogen of gray mold disease affecting a wide range of plant hosts, with consequential economic losses worldwide. The increased frequency of fungicide resistance of the pathogen challenges its disease management, and thus the development of alternative control strategies are urgently required. In this study, we showed excellent synergistic interactions between resveratrol and pyrimethanil. Significant synergistic values were recorded by the two-drug combination on the suppression of mycelial growth and conidia germination of B. cinerea. The combination of resveratrol and pyrimethanil caused malformation of mycelia. Moreover, the inoculation assay was conducted on table grape and consistent synergistic suppression of the two-drug combination was found in vivo. Our findings first revealed that the combination of resveratrol and pyrimethanil has synergistic effects against resistant B. cinerea and support the potential use of resveratrol as a promising adjuvant on the control of gray mold.
Highlights
Botrytis cinerea is an airborne phytopathogenic fungus responsible for invasive gray mold causing significant economic losses during harvesting and subsequent handling, storage, marketing, and after consumer purchase [1,2]
The EC50 values for inhibition of mycelial growth of B. cinerea isolates were used to determine the sensitivity of tested isolates to anilinopyrimidine fungicides pyrimethanil and cyprodinil
Resveratrolalone alonewas was proven be effective in suppressing mycelial and conidia resveratrol proven to beto effective in suppressing mycelial growth andgrowth conidia germination, germination, which with are consistent with previous in terms activity of the antifungal activity of which are consistent previous studies in terms studies of the antifungal of resveratrol against resveratrol against
Summary
Botrytis cinerea is an airborne phytopathogenic fungus responsible for invasive gray mold causing significant economic losses during harvesting and subsequent handling, storage, marketing, and after consumer purchase [1,2]. Control of gray mold based on chemical fungicide application in the field is mainly achieved by botryticides belong to benzimidazoles, anilinopyrimidines and dicarboximides [3]. The anilinopyrimidine fungicides such as pyrimethanil, cyprodinil and mepanipyrim have been launched for the control of various ascomycetes pathogens, especially the gray mold on fruits, vegetables and ornamentals [4,5]. Excessive fungicide application causes various side effects on human health and environment [9], and it is of great importance to search for novel active ingredients with potent antifungal activity via targeted modes of action to mitigate against resistance development
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