Abstract
Oxide semiconducting TiO2 nanoparticles (TNPs) with TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) have attracted considerable attention because of a fast electron migration process in the photoelectrode. However, TNT films of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) displayed low conversion efficiency because of lower dye loading and sunlight absorption than in the case of TNPs films. For high-performance DSSCs, an aqueous solution treatment using titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) and zinc oxide (ZnO) was used on the TNT film. The TNT array was prepared by an anodization process. Herein, we studied that a double dip-coating TiCl4–ZnO treatment of the TNTs enhanced photocurrent density and fill factor due to an improvement in electron transfer, increase in dye adsorption, and reduction in the recombination charge rate. The results show that the DSSCs with a TiCl4–ZnO treatment show a maximum conversion efficiency of 8.29% and JSC of 21.19 mA/cm2 under a simulated solar light irradiation of 100 mW/cm2 (AM 1.5).
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