Abstract
Purpose: To study the synergistic effect of a combination of granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor and thymosin-α1 on the treatment of Lewis lung cancer transplanted tumor.Methods: C57BL/6 mice were used. A mouse model of Lewis lung cancer was established using Lewis lung cancer cell lines. The mice were randomly divided into blank control group, polyene taxol (DTX) group, DTX thymosin α1 (Tα-1) group, and DTX granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) group, with 8 mice per group. The degree of tumor inhibition, thymus mass, thymus index, spleen mass, spleen index, IL-6, TNF-1, IFN-1, CD4+, CD8+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ were determined by ELISA and flow cytometry.Results: Body mass, thymus mass, thymus index, spleen mass, spleen index, IL-6, TNF-1, IFN-1, CD4+, CD8+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in DTX + Tα-1 group, DTX + GM-CSF group and DTX + Tα-1 + GM-CSF group were significantly elevated (p < 0.05), relative to the corresponding levels in DTXmice (p < 0.05). Body mass, degree of tumor inhibition, thymus mass, thymus index, spleen mass, spleen index, IL-6, TNF-1, IFN-1, CD4, CD8 T cells and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in DTX + Tα-1 + GM-CSF mice were significantly elevated, relative to the DTX + Tα-1 and DTX + GM-CSF groups (p < 0.05). Thestate of the tumor was significantly improved in the DTX + Tα-1 and DTX + GM-CSF mice.Conclusion: A combination treatment of GM-CSF, Tα-1 and DEX effectively enhances the resistance of mice and suppresses chemotherapy-induced decrease in body weight. This finding may be of clinical significance.
 Keywords: Granulocyte macrophage, Colony-stimulating factor, Thymosin, Docetaxel, Lewis lung cancer, Transplanted tumor
Highlights
Over the years, cases of lung cancer have become accentuated, making it the malignant tumor with the highest incidence [1]
The mass of mice in DTX, DTX + Tα1, DTX+GMCSF and DTX+Tα1+granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) groups were markedly lower than corresponding blank control values (p < 0.05)
The body mass was higher in DTX + Tα1 + GM-CSF mice than in DTX mice, and body mass of mice in DTX + Tα1 + GM-CSF group was markedly higher than that of mice in DTX + Tα1 and DTX + GM-CSF groups (p < 0.05)
Summary
Cases of lung cancer have become accentuated, making it the malignant tumor with the highest incidence [1]. The clinical symptoms of early lung cancer are mild and often ignored, and most patients are diagnosed at the middle and late stages of the disease when they cannot benefit from operation [4]. It is necessary to develop an effective and reliable chemotherapy to enhance clinical treatment for lung cancer. The treatment of lung cancer uses platinum-based chemotherapy, but the toxicity and side effects of chemotherapy limit its clinical application. Studies have shown that combination of GM-CSF and chemotherapy significantly inhibits tumor growth, reduces the incidence of toxicity and side effects, and enhances the immunity of the patient [8]
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