Synergistic Effect Formation Mechanism

Abstract

Synergy, also known as synergism, refers to the combined effects produced by two or more parts, elements, or individuals. Simply stated, synergy results when the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. For example, two people can move a heavy load more easily than the two working individually can each move their half of the load. Synergy can be a positive or negative outcome of combined efforts. According to the American Heritage Dictionary, the term "synergy" is derived from the Greek word sunergos, meaning "working together." Positive synergy is sometimes called the 2 + 2 = 5 effect. Operating independently, each subsystem can produce two units of output. However, by combining their efforts and working together effectively, the two subsystems can produce five units of output. Negative synergy can be called the 2 + 2 = 3 effect. Again, individuals operating alone can each produce two units of output. However, with negative synergy, the combination of their efforts results in less output than what they would have achieved if they had each worked alone. Negative synergy can result from inefficient committees, business units that lack strategic fit, and from other poorly functioning joint efforts. The state and efficiency of any organization is influenced by many internal and external factors. According to the property of emergence, the combined effect of several factors is almost always different from the sum of separate effects. It is this difference, commonly referred to as the synergy effect, interaction factor, or cooperative effect, that is the quantitative expression of synergy. The paradigm of synergy proceeds from the recognition of the fact that in the process of development, beneficial results obtained by the integrity of the organization are responsible for the well-being of its parts, members. In essence, the doctrine of synergy is an "economic" theory of complexity. Synergy is emphasized in organization theory. The principle of emergence of complex systems is put at the head of the law of synergy: the joint action of several factors always or almost always differs from the sum of separate effects. Thus, the synergy effect is not only a favorable combination of resources, but also coordinated behavior, connections, relationships; in a word, the entire set of parameters characterizing a complex developing Key terms Keywords: Synergy effect, Combined efforts, Statistical and dynamic synergy, Investment synergy system.