Synergistic coupling of heterostructured porous CoP nanosheets with P doped NiO for highly efficient overall alkaline water splitting

Abstract

Exploring non-noble metal materials as bifunctional catalysts for water electrolysis is of great significance for the development and utilization of hydrogen energy. Herein, a flower branch-leaf shaped phosphide/oxide heterogeneous electrocatalyst located on Ni foam (CoP/P-NiO/NF) was developed through hydrothermal and phosphorization strategy. Benefiting from the strong ability to dissociate H2O molecules on P-NiO and the suitable adsorption of intermediate H species on CoP, the optimal CoP/P-NiO/NF exhibited outstanding performance with low overpotentials of 52 mV at current density of 10 mA cm−2, smaller Tafel slopes of 73.6 mV dec-1 for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Meanwhile, CoP/P-NiO/NF indicated 265 mV at 100 mA cm−2 with Tafel slope of 101.8 mV dec-1 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to the optimal redistribution of electrons among Ni2+, Co2+ and Co3+ for favorable adsorption/desorption of oxygen-intermediates. Both HER and OER shown robust stability during 32 h without decline. The corresponding two-electrode system for overall alkaline water splitting required a low voltage of 1.6 V at 100 mA cm−2 with long stability (20 h) which is far lower than that on RuO2-Pt/C and many other reported non-noble metal electrocatalysts. This work demonstrates that the synergistic effect and morphology engineering play vital roles in the enhanced electrocatalytic performance.