Abstract
Araloside A is a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin, and L-ascorbic acid is a globally recognized antioxidant. In this study, coadministered araloside A and L-ascorbic acid were found to have a strong synergistic antioxidant effect, and correlations between cellular antioxidant indexes and free radical scavenging ability were found. Individual and combined pretreatment with araloside A and L-ascorbic acid increased both cell viability and antioxidant enzyme activity and inhibited the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid peroxidation (LPO) products, and H2O2; and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein carbonyls, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine (8-OHdG). Free radical scavenging ability was positively correlated with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, the glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). Our study is the first investigation of araloside A and L-ascorbic acid coadministration for the treatment of diseases caused by oxidative stress. The synergistic antioxidant effects of araloside A and L-ascorbic acid support their potential as functional food ingredients for the elimination of oxidative stress-induced adverse reactions.
Highlights
IntroductionOxidative stress is essentially caused by an imbalance between excessive free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and weakened antioxidant defence systems [2, 3]
Selye first proposed the concept of oxidative stress in 1936 [1]
HEK293 cells were treated with 100-800 μM H2O2 for 4 h, and cell viability was measured using the MTS method
Summary
Oxidative stress is essentially caused by an imbalance between excessive free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and weakened antioxidant defence systems [2, 3]. The H2O2-induced cellular oxidative stress model is commonly used to study the functions of various biologically active materials [6, 7]. The antioxidant capacities of araloside A, L-ascorbic acid, and their combination were investigated in a human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK293 cells) using H2O2-induced oxidative stress, which has been utilized in a large number of previous studies. The present study is the first investigation of the in vitro and intracellular antioxidant activities of araloside A and L-ascorbic acid and the correlation between these compounds
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