Abstract
It is urgent to develop highly efficient and eco-friendly antimicrobial agents for integrated control of phytopathogens. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract. UV-vis spectrum showed that there was a strong absorbance at 438 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images displayed that synthesized nanoparticles were near spherical with an average size of 13 nm. The antimicrobial effect of AgNPs was evaluated through methods of paper disk diffusion, colony growth, conidia germination, and in vitro inoculation. The 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of AgNPs against Setosphaeria turcica was 170.20 μg/mL calculated by SPSS 13.0. In addition, it displayed a significant synergistic antifungal effect when AgNPs were combined with epoxiconazole at the ratios of 8 : 2 and 9 : 1. The results of this study provide a novel fungistat not only for comprehensive control of plant fungi but also for reducing chemical pesticides use and avoiding drug-resistant phytopathogen generation.
Highlights
Silver was known as one kind of efficient disinfectors in the early 19th century
AgNO3 under (Ag+) could be reduced the action of reductase, and the solution changed from pale yellow to reddish brown in the presence of filtrate and AgNO3 (Figure 1(c)); the obvious colour change indicated the formation of AgNPs [35], while the solution of AgNO3 (Figure 1(a)) or Ligustrum lucidum leaf filtrate (Figure 1(b)) alone maintained their primary colour
It is proved that the two portions were both needed for the biosynthesis of AgNPs, and the biological method avoided the disadvantages of chemical and physical approaches such as the usage of additional chemical reagents, high energy consumption, and high cost [37]
Summary
Silver was known as one kind of efficient disinfectors in the early 19th century. From on, it was widely applied in the fields of bacteria inhibition, wound dressing, mildew preservation, etc. [1, 2]. The antifungal activity of AgNPs biosynthesized by Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract against Setosphaeria turcica (S. turcica) was evaluated alone, and the synergistic inhibition effect was measured at various conjugation ratios of AgNPs and epoxiconazole. These results would provide a reference for the integrative control of phytopathogens, and it paves the way to explore nanopesticides to assist or replace chemical pesticides
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