Abstract
The production of food can have large impacts on sustainable development in relation to various socio-ecological dimensions, like climate change, the environment, animal welfare, livestock epidemiology, and the economy. To achieve a sustainable food production system in Sweden, an integrated approach that considers all five of these dimensions, and all parts of the food production chain, is necessary. This paper systematically reviewed the literature related to food production in Sweden, especially in association with resource distribution and recycling logistics, and identified potential sustainability interventions and assessed their effects according to the five dimensions. Participation of stakeholders across the food production chain contributed with the focus of the literature search and subsequent synthesis. In general, there were synergies between the sustainability interventions and their effect on climate change and the environment, while there often were trade-offs between effects on the economy and the other dimensions. Few interventions considered effects on animal welfare or livestock epidemiology and few studies dealt with resource distribution and recycling logistics. This indicates that there is a need for future research that considers this in particular, as well as research that considers the whole food production chain and all dimensions at once, and investigates effects across multiple scales.
Highlights
The production of food can have large impacts on sustainable development, as agriculture, food processing, and waste management uses and transforms large amounts of resources, such as water, nutrients, energy, land, and labor
The results are presented in three sections: Section 3.1 consists of the review and synthesis of the literature related to ReDiReL, detailing the conclusions from the reviewed papers, and is structured based on the five identified focus areas; Section 3.2 presents the synergies and trade-offs identified from the review; and Section 3.3 presents the reflections from the stakeholder interviews
To develop a sustainable food production system in Sweden, there is a need for an integrated approach that considers the entire food production chain, and multiple dimensions related to the impacts of the production of food
Summary
The production of food can have large impacts on sustainable development, as agriculture, food processing, and waste management uses and transforms large amounts of resources, such as water, nutrients, energy, land, and labor. Processes related to food production are necessary for global food security [1,2]. In Sweden, the long-term food strategy adopted in 2017 identifies increasing resource and production efficiency as one important factor that needs to be considered to achieve a sustainable. 2 of of 22 chain is necessary in the transition towards a more sustainable and efficient food system 1 for a conceptual overview of the food that production chain considered for food this article). This chain is necessary in the transition towards a more sustainable and efficient food system As such, improving sustainability throughout both global and national food production chains is vital, especially as a number of planetary boundaries have already been crossed [3,4] and as objectives in environmental and sustainable development agreements are far from being achieved.
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