Abstract
The porous outer layer and compact inner layer of zirconium/niobium mixed oxide coatings were deposited on medical grade 316L stainless steel by sol gel dip-coating method. The obtained coatings were homogeneous and polyphased crystalline in nature. The Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy analysis revealed that the distribution of zirconium and niobium were uniform over the coated film. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Micrographs exhibited fine pores on the outer surface of the mixed oxide coating. Further, these pores were not directly connected to the 316L stainless steel substrate, which was evinced by the Scanning Electron Micrograph cross-sectional analysis. The corrosion performance of zirconium/niobium mixed oxide coated 316L stainless steel was evaluated by electrochemical techniques in simulated body fluid solution. The zirconium /niobium mixed oxide coating exhibited an enhanced corrosion resistance for 316L stainless steel as indicted by the reduced current density and enhanced corrosion potential toward the noble direction. The formation of synergetic and stable zirconium/niobium mixed oxide coating was proposed to account for enhanced corrosion protection and bioactive behavior for the long-term implant applications.
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