Synergetic fabrication of zirconium cross-linked hybrid biopolymers encapsulated magnesia composite for enriched fluoride adsorption

Abstract

Defluoridation acts a crucial role in supplying water with safe fluoride limits. The marvelous magnesia possesses noticeable defluoridation capacity (DC). However to make magnesia in usable composite form and to enhance the DC, the magnesia was dispersed with hybrid polymers (alginate and pectin) followed by cross-linked with zirconium ion namely APMZ composite and the magnesia was also dispersed with hybrid polysaccharide polymers (chitosan and pectin) followed by cross-linked with zirconium ion namely CPMZ composite was prepared for superior defluoridation studies. The synthesized APMZ and CPMZ composites possess superior defluoridation capacities (DCs) of 4983 and 4994 mgF− kg−1 respectively than pectin, magnesia and chitosan material. The influencing factors of fluoride adsorption was optimized and controlled in batch level. The surface properties of APMZ and CPMZ composites were examined with EDAX, SEM, XPS and FTIR studies. The investigational/equilibrium data of defluoridation by APMZ and CPMZ composites were correlated with different isotherms specifically Fruendlich, Langmuir and Dubnin-Radushkevich (D-R) models. In addition, order of fluoride adsorption rate was evaluated with kinetic experiments. The saturation point of thermodynamic factors indicates fluoride adsorption onto APMZ and CPMZ composites was endothermic with spontaneous nature. Moreover, the synthesized APMZ and CPMZ composites were effectively reutilized upto six cycles. The field investigation result shows that synthesized APMZ and CPMZ composites can be potentially utilized as fluoride removal from field contaminated water.