Abstract
In this study, we studied the synergetic effect of potassium oxysalts on combustion and ignition of nano aluminum (Al) and nano copper oxide (CuO) composites. Potassium periodate (KIO4) and potassium perchlorate (KClO4) are good oxidizers with high oxygen content and strong oxidizability. Different contents of KIO4 and KClO4 were added to nano Al/CuO and the composites were assembled by sonication. When the peak pressure of nano Al/CuO was increased ~5–13 times, the pressurization rate was improved by ~1–3 orders of magnitude, the ignition delay time was shortened by ~0.08 ms–0.52 ms and the reaction completeness was adjustable when 30–70% KIO4 and KClO4 were added into the composites. The reaction of Al/KIO4 and Al/KClO4 at a lower temperature was helpful to ignite the ternary composite. Meanwhile, CuO significantly reduced the peak temperature of oxygen released from the decomposition of KIO4 and KClO4. The synergetic effect of binary oxidizers made the combustion performance of the ternary composites better than that of the binary composites. The present work indicates that KIO4 and KClO4 are promising additives for nano Al/CuO to tune and promote the combustion performance. The ternary composites have potential application in energy devices and combustion apparatus.
Highlights
The results show that KIO4 and KClO4 play important roles in enhancing the combustion performance of nano Al-based Metastable intermolecular composites (MIC)
Aluminum nanoparticles (~30–50 nm) and copper oxide nanoparticles (
Based on the formulations of composites, assuming the reaction between the fuel and oxidizers occurs in a constant volume, the REAL code was used based on the principle of minimum free energy to calculate the influence of the addition of KIO4 and KClO4 on the adiabatic flame temperature (AFT) of the Al/CuO system
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The ultra-refinement or nanocrystallization of the energetic materials can significantly improve the energy release and increase the reaction rate [1,2,3,4]. The ignition temperature of the Al/KIO4 and Al/sodium periodate (NaIO4 ) binary system prepared by Jian was lower than that of Al/CuO, and its peak pressure and pressurization rate were much higher than that of Al/CuO [21]. Wang found that the Al/CuO/AP composite with 13% AP had the best combustion performance, and its peak pressure and pressurization rate were three times higher than the traditional Al/CuO nano-thermites [23]. The results show that KIO4 and KClO4 play important roles in enhancing the combustion performance of nano Al-based MIC composites
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