Abstract
The large Chalcolithic (ca. 4500-3500 BCE) village and mortuary complex of Shiqmim in Israel's Negev has produced a unique diminutive human figurine. Its anthropomorphic features are captivating, but it also shares in the abstract artistic style of "violin-shape" figurines. Uniquely bringing together these two distinct southern Levantine artistic traditions, the Shiqmim figurine permits us to see overlapping cultural, stylistic, spatial, and chronological dimensions of the Chalcolithic culture of Palestine. The intrinsically beautiful bone carving may also have had a more concrete social function: the authors suggest it may have served as a mnemonic device.
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