Synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of the tetragonal–cubic phase boundary of nanocrystalline ZrO2–CeO2synthesized by a gel-combustion process

Abstract

The crystal structures of a number of nanocrystalline ZrO2–CeO2solid solutions, synthesized by a pH-controlled nitrate-glycine gel-combustion process, were studied. By using a synchrotron X-ray diffractometer, small peaks of the tetragonal phase, which correspond to forbidden reflections in the case of a perfect cubic fluorite structure, were clearly detected. By monitoring the most intense of these reflections, 112, as a function of the CeO2content, the tetragonal–cubic phase boundary was found to be at 85 (5) mol% CeO2. For a CeO2content up to 68 mol%, a tetragonal phase withc/a> 1 (known as thet′ form) was detected, whereas, between 68 and 85 mol% CeO2, the existence of a tetragonal phase withc/a= 1 and oxygen anions displaced from their ideal positions in the cubic phase (thet′′ form) was verified. Finally, solid solutions with higher CeO2contents exhibit the cubic fluorite-type phase.