Synchronous electrochemical detection of nanomolar acetaminophen, cytosine and phenylephrine hydrochloride in drugs using Zn3V2O8/ZrO2@f-MWCNTs nanocomposite GC electrode

Abstract

The fabrication of ternary nanocomposite is crucial since a multiphase interface provides an enormously sensitive and selective mechanism for the individual and synchronized electrochemical assessment of medicines. Here, we present an electrochemical sensor for concomitantly determining the drugs acetaminophen (AAP), cytosine (CTS), and phenylephrine hydrochloride (PPH) using Zn3V2O8/ZrO2@f-MWCNTs a ternary nanocomposite. At the electrochemical probe, we used CV and DPV to investigate the performance of the several modified electrodes and found that Zn3V2O8/ZrO2@f-MWCNTs nanocomposites were enormously selective and sensitive for detecting AAP, CTS, and PPH separately and simultaneously. The DPV technique yielded sensitive electrooxidation pinnacle potentials of 0.329, 1.276, and 0.658 V for AAP, CTS, and PPH, respectively. AAP, CTS, and PPH all have linear responses of 0.0055 to 435.6, 0.0094 to 365.5, and 0.0098 to 134.8 μM, respectively. The Zn3V2O8/ZrO2@f-MWCNTs composite exhibited stability, repeatability, and reproducibility. AAP, CTS, and PPH had lower detection limits of 0.00617, 0.00345, and 0.00654 M, respectively. Real sample analysis with Zn3V2O8/ZrO2@f-MWCNTs/GCE is useful for the concurrent detection of AAP, CTS, and PPH in pharmaceuticals, calf thymus DNA, and human serum samples.