Abstract
Due to Covid - 19 pandemic, many changes have occurred in education. There were several decisions made from the government, on how students should be taught online; there were two ways of teaching students, asynchronous and synchronous online teaching. The students were obliged to learn from home, so it has been important to know they’re feedback on e-learning. By the research studies where student are participants, it is received a lot of feedback from their experience. Instead the teachers, depending on their ideas and planning on what’s best for students, decided how to teach students from home and assess them too. Furthermore, in this article a number of research papers were reviewed, in order to compare both synchronous and asynchronous e-learning and which one is more beneficial for the students at home. From all the research methods, the ones taken into consideration from the studies were questionnaires, pre- tests, post-tests and surveys. Hence, approximately 50 articles were reviewed, and depending on their content and the correlations with the topic of this review, only 20 studies were chosen that were related to the topic generally. The overall study results show that even though there could be a preference for both e-learning methods, both synchronous and asynchronous e-learning methods if combined right, it could help teachers and learners have a successful course and results. 
 
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Highlights
Online learning is a process which takes place in a virtual classroom environment, where both parties collaborate; the teacher as the instructor who tries to use different strategies to convey the right amount of input, and on the other side the students as the participants who try to receive as much information as possible, partake in order to understand a certain daily lesson
Only 5 research papers were selected to compare the results of which method is more helpful in an e-learning environment: synchronous e-learning or asynchronous e-learning
The post-test showed that both experimental groups answered correctly an average of 62% of questionnaire items, meaning a percentage of knowledge improvement of 52% and 59% for the synchronous and asynchronous instructional group, respectively.” (Emmanouilidou, Derri, Antoniou, & Kyrgiridis, 2012, p.202)
Summary
Online learning is a process which takes place in a virtual classroom environment, where both parties collaborate; the teacher as the instructor who tries to use different strategies to convey the right amount of input, and on the other side the students as the participants who try to receive as much information as possible, partake in order to understand a certain daily lesson. There are three ways of online learning, asynchronous, synchronous and hybrid online learning. The asynchronous online learning is an unsynchronized method of learning, granted that the attendance of the teacher and the students can be distinct. Instead the hybrid method is a combination of both synchronous and asynchronous ways of learning online
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