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Abstract
Full-field laser speckle microscopy provides real-time imaging of superficial blood flow rate. Here we apply continuous wavelet transform to time series of speckle-estimated blood flow from each pixel of the images to map synchronous patterns in instantaneous frequency and phase on the surface of rat kidneys. The regulatory mechanism in the renal microcirculation generates oscillations in arterial blood flow at several characteristic frequencies. Our approach to laser speckle image processing allows detection of frequency and phase entrainments, visualization of their patterns, and estimation of the extent of synchronization in renal cortex dynamics.
Highlights
Laser speckle imaging complements other blood flow measurement techniques, such as laser Doppler flowmetry [1] and magnetic resonance imaging [2] and allows to measure local blood flow distribution with a relatively high spatial-temporal resolution and does so without the need for emission scanning [3]
The intensity of speckle patterns fluctuates if the illuminated object contains individual moving scatterers such as blood cells. These fluctuations blur the speckles, leading to a reduction of the local speckle contrast, with the contrast value inversely proportional to the flow speed. These principles form the basis of laser speckle flowmetry (LSF) [3,5]
Fourier-based analysis To determine whether the tubulo-glomerular feedback (TGF) rhythm could be detected in our LSF data we first applied Fourier analysis to image series obtained from the ventral surface of a rat’s kidney
Summary
Laser speckle imaging complements other blood flow measurement techniques, such as laser Doppler flowmetry [1] and magnetic resonance imaging [2] and allows to measure local blood flow distribution with a relatively high spatial-temporal resolution and does so without the need for emission scanning [3]. The intensity of speckle patterns fluctuates if the illuminated object contains individual moving scatterers such as blood cells. These fluctuations blur the speckles, leading to a reduction of the local speckle contrast, with the contrast value inversely proportional to the flow speed. These principles form the basis of laser speckle flowmetry (LSF) [3,5]
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