Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are the central nervous system myelin-forming cells providing axonal electrical insulation and higher order neuronal circuitry. The mechanical forces driving oligodendrocyte precursor cells differentiation into myelinating oligodendrocytes are largely unknown but likely require the spatiotemporal regulation of the architecture and dynamics of the actin and actomyosin cytoskeletons. In this study, we explored the importance of the actomyosin cytoskeleton in developing oligodendrocytes and characterized the oligodendrocyte myosinome. We report that oligodendrocyte differentiation is regulated by the synchronized expression and non-uniform distribution of several members of the myosin network, particularly non-muscle myosins 2B and 2C, that potentially operate as nanomechanical modulators of cell tension and myelin membrane expansion at different cell stages.
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