Abstract
The brain is an extraordinarily complex organ that constantly has to process information to adapt appropriately to internal and external stimuli. This information is received, processed, and transmitted within neural networks by neurons through specialized connections called synapses. While information transmission at synapses is primarily chemical, it propagates through a neuron via electrical signals made of patterns of action potentials. The present chapter will describe the fundamental types of plastic changes that can affect neuronal transmission. Importantly, these various types of neural plasticity have been associated with both adaptive such as learning and memory or pathological conditions such as neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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