Abstract
Simulating beam loading in radiofrequency accelerating structures is critical for understanding higher-order mode effects on beam dynamics, such as beam break-up instability in energy recovery linacs. Full wave simulations of beam loading in radiofrequency structures are computationally expensive, while reduced models can ignore essential physics and can be difficult to generalize. We present a self-consistent algorithm derived from the least-action principle which can model an arbitrary number of cavity eigenmodes and with a generic beam distribution.
Highlights
The interactions of charged-particle beams and electromagnetic fields drive a variety of applications and phenomena in accelerator systems
Detailed simulations of an electron beam passing through a rf cavity must resolve the current, and require cell dimensions that are small compared to the beam
We have presented a new approach to simulating beam loading in electromagnetic cavities
Summary
The interactions of charged-particle beams and electromagnetic fields drive a variety of applications and phenomena in accelerator systems They range from klystrons to beam-loading in radio frequency (rf) cavities to high-ordermode instabilities in energy-recovery linacs. One often resorts to reduced models, as, for example, when studying beam loading (matbbu [7]) or beam instability (bi [8]) Such models typically treat the rf cavity as a thin lens, using reduced forms of the Shockley-Ramo theorem [9,10] to compute the energy transfer; and they can advance the field phases analytically once the beam passes. Reduced models are computationally much more efficient than full simulations They simplify the diagnostics, because the energy in each cavity mode is a dynamical variable and requires no additional computation to be extracted from the simulation. This approach leads to a fast, extensible model for beam loading with arbitrary numbers of modes and cavity geometries
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