Symmetry‐Protected Spoof Localized Surface Plasmonic Skyrmion

Abstract

AbstractElectromagnetic (EM) skyrmions are an EM analogue of the skyrmions in condensed matter physics, offering new degrees of freedom to structure light and manipulate light–matter interactions and thus promising various groundbreaking applications in optics and photonics. Recently, there is a growing interest in composing EM skyrmions based on different field vectors of EM waves. Here, an EM skyrmion is realized, i.e., a spoof plasmonic skyrmion (SPS), using the electric field vectors of spoof localized surface plasmons (LSPs) in a planar microwave resonator with rotational and mirroring symmetries. The SPS is constructed by synthesizing a scalar vortex (a topological charge 0) and a polarization vortex (a topological charge 1) in the in‐plane and the out‐of‐plane component of the fields, respectively. Besides an experimental demonstration, group theory is employed and pinpoints the symmetry origin of the skyrmion. This investigation demonstrates the ubiquity of the existence of the skyrmion in any planar EM resonator holding rotational and mirroring symmetries, regardless the dimensions and the operating frequencies. This skyrmion design not only promises novel microwave applications for sensing and transferring information, but also lays down a general guideline for devising skyrmions operating over a broad range in the EM spectra.