Symmetry in the Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction and the Model of Moscow Potential

Abstract

An attempt to understand better the modern situation with short range baryon-baryon (by example of nucleon-nucleon) interaction is undertaken. The article covers five main ingredients of the whole problem: (i) visual demonstration of the inadequacy of modern models for short-range N − N interaction, (ii) the general property of the Wigner supermultiplet symmetry of interaction potentials for composite particles, (iii) a short outline of the main results of realistic six-quark microscopic calculations for nucleon-nucleon interaction and the results based on the Moscow model for N − N interaction, (iv) supersymmetry between the Moscow and conventional models for the N − N interaction and (v) some general implications for nuclear physics at whole. In particular, on the basis of the picture we suggest and substantiate microscopically the formation of specific nuclear bonds rather similar to the quantum chemistry case. In this pattern, e.g., the structure of the 4He-nucleus is similar to the structure of the CH4-methane molecule having tetrahedral form due to the formation of the π-electron bonds, each consisted of a pair of p-electrons with the opposite spin directions. It is also shown that the Moscow model of N − N interaction is an alone model comprising a wide repulsive core of ∼1 fm size dictated by modern electron data for the lightest nuclei 3He and 4He. Some arguments are given showing that the moel considered can lead to solving of many long standing puzzles in nuclear physics, in particular to avoiding the nucleus collapse predicted many years ago when using realistic (e.g., RHC) N − N force and ensure the saturation property of nuclear forces.