Symmetry breaking and tunneling dynamics of spinor Bose–Einstein condensates in a triple-well potential

Abstract

We investigate theoretically the symmetry breaking and tunneling dynamics in a mixture of three Zeeman states of F = 1 spinor Bose–Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional triple-well potential. We demonstrate several novel density profiles of symmetric and asymmetric ground states of the three Zeeman states in the phase diagram of the ( λ n , λ s ) plane, where λ n and λ s are the coefficients of the spin-independent and spin-dependent interactions. The variation of density as a function of λ s at fixed λ n , which clearly shows the transition among distinct types of symmetric and asymmetric ground states, is also illustrated. In addition, the tunneling dynamics of F = 1 spinor Bose–Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional triple-well potential is also demonstrated. ► We demonstrate the phase diagram in a triple-well potential in ( λ n , λ s ) plane. ► We then illustrate distinct novel typical density profiles of symmetric and asymmetric ground states. ► We illustrate the novel tunneling dynamics in the distinct region of the phase diagram in ( λ n , λ s ) plane. ► The transistorlike behavior of spinor Bose–Einstein condensate in a triple-well potential is also demonstrated.