Symmetric square shaped metamaterial structure with quintuple resonance frequencies for S, C, X and Ku band applications

Abstract

This study explores the effect of symmetrical square shaped metamaterial design for microwave frequency applications. The latest technology demands of advanced performance and research studies of metamaterial integration in the related bands are increasing tremendously. Therefore, this motivates us to explore the metamaterial design structure that has a high possibility to be applied in more than two resonance bands using a compact design structure. This study emphasis on a compact 14 × 14 mm2 and 1.524 mm thick substrate material known as Rogers RT6002. Seven distinct square shaped metamaterial (SQM) rings were constructed on the substrate material to achieve the goal of this research study. Besides that, the investigations of the metamaterial electromagnetic properties and effective medium parameters were carried out by utilising the Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio (CST) software. According to the numerical simulation results, the proposed SQM unit cell manifested quintuple resonance frequencies precisely at 3.384 (S band), 5.436, 7.002 (C band), 11.664 (X band), and 17.838 GHz (Ku band). Meanwhile, for the validation process, the comparison between the simulation and measurement results was analysed and data showed that the first and third resonance frequencies were increased by 0.336 and 0.139 GHz, respectively while other frequencies were reduced by 0.186, 0.081, and 0.709 GHz in sequential order. The numerical simulation of the metamaterial design was conducted in a High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) to further validate the results. Furthermore, the proposed SQM manifested left handed characteristics at the second to fifth resonance bands. In a nutshell, the SQM successfully achieves the objectives of this research work and can be applied to multi band applications.