Abstract
Aquatic animals have a close relationship with water, but differences in their symbiotic bacteria and the bacterial composition in water remains unclear. Wild or domestic Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) and the water in which they live were collected from four sampling sites in Jiangsu and Shanghai, China. Bacterial composition in water, gills or guts of E. sinensis, were compared by high-throughput sequencing using 16S rRNA genes. Analysis of >660,000 sequences indicated that bacterial diversity was higher in water than in gills or guts. Tenericutes and Proteobacteria were dominant phyla in guts, while Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were dominant in gills and water. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis indicated that microbiota from gills, guts or water clearly separated into three groups, suggesting that crabs harbor a more specific microbial community than the water in which they live. The dominant OTUs in crab gut were related to Mycoplasmataceae, which were low in abundance in gills, showing that, like mammals, crabs have body-site specific microbiota. OTUs related to Ilumatobacter and Albimonas, which are commonly present in sediment and seawater, were dominant in gills but almost absent from the sampled water. Considering E. sinensis are bottom-dwelling crustacean and they mate in saline water or seawater, behavior and life cycle of crabs may play an important role in shaping the symbiotic bacterial pattern. This study revealed the relationship between the symbiotic bacteria of Chinese mitten crab and their habitat, affording information on the assembly factors of commensal bacteria in aquatic animals.
Highlights
Microbiota refers to the community of microorganisms harbored in a specific ecosystem
Our previous research compared the bacterial composition between the shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) gut and the culturing water, and the results indicated that the dominant bacteria in water were Cyanobacteria while the dominant members in shrimp gut were Proteobacteria and Tenericutes[20]
Information about the bacterial composition in the gills, which are directly exposed to water, was very limited
Summary
Microbiota refers to the community of microorganisms harbored in a specific ecosystem. With the great effort carried out in humans and other vertebrates, it is believed that the commensal microbes are evolutionarily stable, and positively or negatively influence host health in the gut or other organs [1,2] and contribute to the development and metabolism of the host [3,4]. Bacterial Community in Water, Crab Gills and Guts. Knowledge Service Platform Shanghai Ocean University Aquatic Animal Breeding Center (ZF1206)
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