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Abstract
Using phylogenetic analysis of complete virus genomes from human isolates obtained in Nigeria in 1966, we identified sylvatic dengue virus (DENV) strains from 3 febrile patients. This finding extends current understanding of the role of sylvatic DENV in febrile disease and documents another focus of sylvatic DENV transmission in West Africa.
Highlights
Sylvatic dengue viruses (DENVs) are ecologically and evolutionary distinct ancestral lineages that circulate in forests of Southeast Asia and West Africa between nonhuman primates and arboreal Aedes mosquitoes
The Study Given the above evidence, we hypothesized that unrecognized spillover epidemics may be caused by sylvatic dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) strains in West Africa
We examined isolates of DENV recovered from febrile patients, ranging from 3 months to 38 years of age, who were seen at the outpatient department of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, from August 1964 through December 1968 [8]
Summary
Sylvatic dengue viruses (DENVs) are ecologically and evolutionary distinct ancestral lineages that circulate in forests of Southeast Asia and West Africa between nonhuman primates and arboreal Aedes mosquitoes. No evidence has shown that sylvatic DENV cycles are involved in outbreaks of human dengue, which involve the genetically and ecologically distinct endemic strains. Available data suggest that sylvatic strains are either confined to forest habitats or produce relatively mild illness, as described in a few documented human sylvatic DENV-2 infections in West Africa [5,6].
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