Abstract
Despite advances in the treatment of cancer and reductions in smoking rates, lung cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. For this reason, significant efforts have been made to examine the interaction between cancer and the immune system. Over the past decade, a handful of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab) have been shown to improve survival when compared to chemotherapy, however, these treatments only respond in a minority of the patients and even these patients acquire resistance to the therapy.
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