Abstract
This paper proposes local ramp metering controllers to be applied in freeways in which there are not sensors measuring the traffic density close to the on-ramps. Since the ramp metering control laws to be applied are based on the value of the traffic densities upstream or downstream the on-ramps and since these densities cannot be measured, the density estimates provided by distributed consensus-based switched observers developed in a previous work are used. In particular, on the basis of the observability properties of the considered freeway system, which is modeled as a piecewise-affine state-dependent system, a switched ramp metering controller based on a distributed observer is proposed. According to the present mode of the freeway system, the local controller of each on-ramp switches between a feedback controller based on the downstream density, a feedforward controller based on the upstream density and a pre-computed control law.
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