Abstract
Abstract Metasurfaces are planar devices containing delicately designed nanoantenna or resonator arrays that allow for beam shaping, super resolution imaging, and holography. Hybrid metasurface – by integrating with tunable materials such as two-dimensional materials and phase change materials (PCMs) – provides a potential platform for active modulation of wavefronts. Specifically, PCMs can flexibly switch between crystalline and amorphous states with nonvolatile property under external stimuli and provide a large refractive permittivity contrast. Using metasurfaces based on PCM to manipulate wavefronts may provide new opportunities for switchable functionalities. Here, we propose two types of metasurface devices based on whole PCM films to realize switchable holography and simultaneous phase and interference encryption. This feature can be used to encrypt information in a switched state and store camouflage information in the other state by simply applying external thermal stimuli to the entire metasurface. This method can be applied in areas such as beam shaping, optical encryption, and anti-counterfeiting.
Highlights
Metasurface is a two-dimensional artificial planar device with micro/nano feature size patterns, capable of realizing novel properties superior to natural materials
Metasurfaces are planar devices containing delicately designed nanoantenna or resonator arrays that allow for beam shaping, super resolution imaging, and holography
We propose and demonstrate two types of active hybrid metasurface comprising split ring resonator (SRR) arrays with a GST interleave layer on a glass substrate
Summary
Metasurface is a two-dimensional artificial planar device with micro/nano feature size patterns, capable of realizing novel properties superior to natural materials. The PCMs can produce a large variation in amplitude and phase of the transmitted light between the crystalline and amorphous states. This provides a flexible platform/potential candidate for designing active metasurface devices by integrating PCMs to realize tunable properties. By using a pulsed laser to rewrite and remove the encoded information on GST films, tunable metalens has been achieved [37] Most of these actively modifiable solutions involve pixel-by-pixel meticulous modulation, which are time-consuming. The proposed method provides two new strategies to dynamically tailor the wavefront with fast modulation rate and simplify the experimental implementation This method can be applied in optical encryption, dynamic beam shaping, and other areas
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