Abstract
An approach to the detection of F− ions in food samples was developed based on a “switch-off-on” fluorescence probe of silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs). The fluorescence of the synthetic SiNPs was gradually quenched in the presence of Fe3+ ion and slightly recovered with the addition of F− ion owing to the formation of a stable and colorless ferric fluoride. The fluorescence recovery exhibited a good linear relationship (R2 = 0.9992) as the concentration of F− ion increased from 0 to 100 μmol·L−1. The detection limit of the established method of F− ion was 0.05 μmol·L−1. The recovery experiments confirmed the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method. The ultraviolet–visible spectra, fluorescence decays, and zeta potentials evidenced the fluorescence quenching mechanism involving the electron transfer between the SiNPs and Fe3+ ion, while the fluorescence recovery resulted from the formation of ferric fluoride. Finally, SiNPs were successfully applied to detect F− ions in tap water, Antarctic krill, and Antarctic krill powder.
Highlights
Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) have attracted extensive attention in several fields because of their availability in abundance, excellent optical properties, and biocompatibility [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The fluorescence intensities of the silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs)–Fe system hardly changed in the presence of Cl, Br, SO4 2−, NO3 −, HCO3 −, PO4 3−, HPO4 2−, H2 PO4 −, Ac−, and SCN−, except in the case of F− ions
The fluorescence recovery mechanism of the SiNPs–Fe system in the presence of ions was investigated by UV–vis absorption spectrum (UV)–vis absorption spectra, fluorescence decay, and zeta
Summary
Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) have attracted extensive attention in several fields because of their availability in abundance, excellent optical properties, and biocompatibility [1,2,3,4,5,6]. F hibit the highest charge density, smallest ionic radius, a hard Lewis basic nature, and the have been developed using the colorimetric method [29,30], ion chromatography [31], gas most electronegative chromatography atom, which enable them to combine with metal ions to form [32], and the fluorescence method [33,34] Among these strategies, the the stable compounds [40]. SiNPs have not been to used environmentally friendly material for themany detection of F−have formas thean stable compounds [40] According to this mechanism, researchers ions based on the formation. Detection of F ions based on an off-on fluorescence SiNPs
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