Swiss and migrant adolescents – similarities and differences

Abstract

A total of 1352 adolescents were interviewed by computer-assisted self-administered interview to examine differences and similarities between Swiss and non-Swiss migrant boys and girls, concerning well-being (depression, anxiety), self-esteem and self-efficacy, relationship with parents, delinquency and health-related behaviour such as substance use, physical complaints and medical and psychosocial assistance. We distinguish two different migrant groups (migrants born in Switzerland, second generation; migrants not born in Switzerland, first generation) and two age groups (11–15, 16–20). Using multi-variable analysis of covariance, no differences of practical importance concerning depression and anxiety could be seen but there are significant differences concerning suicidal tendencies, for which Swiss adolescents score higher. The most important finding is that socio-demographic background plays an important role at least for the older boys. Independent of their residence status (Swiss nationals or migrants), youths with a lower socio-demographic background score higher in suicidal tendencies. Their relationship with parents is also worse. Moreover, on delinquency and substance use they also score higher. Therefore, we conclude that it is not nationality that makes the difference but the differences in socio-demographic background.