Abstract
Insulin resistance plays a key role in the onset and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. In this study, we evaluated the effect of swim training on insulin resistance in diabetic rats. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=10): sedentary control (Con), sedentary diabetic (Dia), swim trained control (Exe) and swim trained diabetic (Dia+Exe) rats. Diabetes was induced by high fat diet (HFD) and a low dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, i.p). In trained groups, one week after the induction of diabetes, animals were subjected to swimming (60 min/5 days a week) for 10 weeks. At the end of training, fasting blood sugar (FBS), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting/basal insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, insulin resistance index, homeostasis model assessment method (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TG,) total cholesterol (TCh), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in blood were measured. Swimming significantly improved OGTT (P<0.01) and HOMA-IR (P<0.01). Swim training also significantly decreased FBS (p<0.01), fasting/basal insulin (P<0.01), HbA1C (p<0.01), TG (P<0.05), and TCh (P<0.05) levels. It also significantly increased HDL (p<0.05) level. Our findings indicate that swim training improved glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes caused by high fat diet in male rats.
Highlights
Unhealthy lifestyles are strong predictors of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.[1]
Epidemiological researches have exhibited that the incidence of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in people with the similar genetic texture exhibition increases whenever they receive a high fat diet[9,10] Recently, studies demonstrated that fat-rich diet shave pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory compounds that have been linked to impaired insulin sensitivity.[11,12,13]
Swim training in diabetic rats resulted in a significant (P
Summary
Unhealthy lifestyles (increased sedentary lifestyles and high-fat, energy-dense diets) are strong predictors of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.[1]. It has been shown that in T2DM cases, regular exercise increases insulin release to either hyperglycemia or arginine stimulation proposing that exercise may have direct effects on pancreatic function.[19,20] Epidemiological researches have shown that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity suppresses the development of T2DM.[21] Among , types of exercise, running and cycle ergometer exercises are at 50–70% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), assumed as low to moderate intensity have beneficial effects in preventing or alleviating insulin resistanc.[22] aerobic and resistance exercise have important effects on management of T2DM.[22] Recent studies have shown that aerobic trainings such as swimming and treadmill, and resistance trainings such as weight lifting and combined forms have similar beneficial effects on the glycemic control and on the improvement of insulin resistance and T2DM, aerobic training has a larger effect on body composition and insulin resistance.[23] The present study was designed to investigate the effect of ten weeks swim training on insulin resistance in type[2] diabetic male rats
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