Abstract
Abstract The coagulation/flocculation (C/F) processes are mainly due to charge neutralisation (CN) and sweep flocculation (SF) mechanisms. However, the SF mechanism has also its CN property moreover than its well-known weighting characteristic. On this weighting characteristic, the literature has usually focused without taking in consideration the SF’s CN property. This review discusses the implicated mechanisms in destabilisation of colloids and aggregation of flocs. Colloids are very small particles that have extremely large surface area. The consequence of this smallness in size and mass and largeness in surface area is that in colloidal suspensions: gravitational effects are negligible and surface phenomena predominate. Hence, during C/F process, colloids are removed by CN and SF mechanisms which act on the anionic charge of the colloid by its neutralisation prior to its removal by sedimentation/filtration. The sweep flocs can be described as large aggregates of Al(OH)3/Fe(OH)3 that are formed when Al...
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