Swedish recognition of Palestine: politics, law, and prospects for peace

Abstract

Sweden’s decision to recognize Palestine on 30 October 2014, was a controversial one and this article explores two key aspects. First, it contextualizes the decision in relation to doctrines about the recognition of states in the international system. Here, the Swedish decision provides further evidence of the growing trend in the twenty-first century that recognition of new states is primarily determined by politics rather than law. Second, the article examines the decision within the history of Swedish policy towards the conflict. By analyzing the position of Sweden’s main political parties and of past governments, it shows that recognition simultaneously represents both continuity and change. While Carl Bildt worked through the EU to achieve progress on the two-state solution, by recognizing Palestine Margot Wallström decided to change Swedish foreign policy and sought to affect the positions of EU member states. The outcome has, however, been limited, and much continuity has ensued. Nonetheless, Swedish officials are confident that history will do them justice, despite the current lack of progress.