Abstract
Urinary tract Obstruction (UTO) an alarming but common clinical condition affecting more women than men at any age, though common in 20 to 60 years of age having an overall incidence of hydronephrosis in 3.1% of autopsy. Over time, UTO results in irreversible loss of numerous nephrons leading to obstructive nephropathy and end-stage renal failure
Highlights
Urinary tract Obstruction (UTO) an alarming but common clinical condition affecting more women than men at any age, though common in 20 to 60 years of age having an overall incidence of hydronephrosis in 3.1% of autopsy
Most of the UTO due to calculi are readily identifiable whereas many cases of ureteric exterior encasement are frequently missed from early detection even by experienced clinicians and radiologists
Ultrasonography is not at all used to evaluate mid ureteral stricture or encasement; but is useful to diagnose if ureters are well distended in urinary obstruction due to a retroperitoneal mass and retroperitoneal fibrosis
Summary
Urinary tract Obstruction (UTO) an alarming but common clinical condition affecting more women than men at any age, though common in 20 to 60 years of age having an overall incidence of hydronephrosis in 3.1% of autopsy. Ultrasonography is not at all used to evaluate mid ureteral stricture or encasement; but is useful to diagnose if ureters are well distended in urinary obstruction due to a retroperitoneal mass and retroperitoneal fibrosis. CT scan is the first choice to demonstrate ureters CT urography (CTU) is the major imaging modality for evaluating the ureters and secondary findings that help to narrow the differential diagnosis of the cause of the ureteral stricture and allows visualization of adjacent structures to differentiate an extrinsic pathology from an intrinsic process. Figure 2a: Plaque-like Soft tissue surrounding the aorta (arrow) sparing posterior aspect without elevating the aorta from the spine; encases both ureters (arrow heads) findings indicative of benign RPF. When perianeurysmal fibrosis occurs in association with an abdominal aortic aneurysm it may encase and produce ureteric obstruction and renal function impairment. Ultrasound, CT and MRI (Figure 8) may be revealed and or laparoscopy may reveal the encasement of ureters
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