基于SWAT模型的图们江流域蓝绿水资源供需平衡分析

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于SWAT模型的图们江流域蓝绿水资源供需平衡分析 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202112173586 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0409104035679); 国家自然科学基金项目(42061042) Analysis of blue and green water scarcity based on SWAT model in the Tumen River Basin Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:随着经济快速发展和工农业各类用水量大幅增加,对河流的开发程度随之加强,流域水资源可持续利用受到不利影响。从蓝绿水视角出发,基于SWAT模型量化了图们江流域2015-2020年不同时间尺度下的蓝绿水资源并探讨了研究区水资源供需平衡情况。结果表明:研究时段内流域蓝绿水资源均具有明显的季节特征,年均蓝绿水资源量为117.16 亿m3,其中蓝水资源量30.14 亿m3,绿水资源量87.02 亿m3,绿水占水资源量的74.27%。以年为尺度,蓝水资源供需评估指数＞1,可利用蓝水资源量基本不能满足其需求量,降水少的年份蓝水资源供需矛盾突出,而绿水资源可以达到供需平衡,其供需评估指数集中在0.1-0.2之间。在月尺度分析中研究区蓝水供需评估指数出现极端值的频率较高,表明该地区蓝水供需不平衡,尤其是可利用蓝水资源一般在每年的7-8月才较为丰富,而蓝水需求用水集中分布于作物生长期,导致蓝水供应与蓝水需求在时间分配上不均衡,且在实际水资源分配中忽略了生态用水;月尺度绿水供需评估指数集中在0.1-0.4之间,有明显的季节变化特征,整体上绿水资源供需平衡安全性较高。 Abstract:With the rapid economic development, the amount of water used for industry and agriculture has significantly increased, most rivers were blind developed and affected the sustainable utilization of water resources. This study quantified water resources from the perspective of blue and green water. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate the natural runoff in the Tumen River Basin from 2015 to 2020, quantitatively analyzed the change trend of blue water and green water resources at different time scales, and discussed the balance of water supply and demand in the study area. The results showed that the blue and green water resources of the Tumen River Basin presented significantly seasonal characteristics from 2015 to 2020. The average annual amount of blue and green water resources was 11.716 billion m3. The blue and green water resources of the study river basin from 2015 to 2020 were 3.014 billion m3/a and 8.702 billion m3/a, respectively. The study area had different degrees of water scarcities in different time scales. At the annual scale, the supply and demand index of blue water resource was greater than 1, which indicated the supply of blue water basically could not satisfy the demand. The imbalance degree of supply and demand of blue water resource was evident in less precipitation years. In contrast, the balance of supply and demand of green water resource was relatively stable, the index concentrated between 0.1 and 0.2. At the monthly scale, the blue water supply and demand balance index put up high frequency of extreme value, illustrated there was an imbalance appearance between the blue water supply and demand in this region. Especially the blue water availability in annual July to August had the maximum values. However, the blue water withdrawal intensively distributed in the crop growth period, there had a time mismatch between the supply and demand of blue water in the river basin. Moreover, the ecological water was neglected in actual water resources allocation. The monthly green water supply and demand index concentrated between 0.1 and 0.4, with prominently seasonal variation characteristics. Overall, the balance between the supply and demand of green water resource was relatively safe. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献