Swat State and Bolshevik Movement

Abstract

Swat State was formally established in 1915 by the first ruler of Swat State, Syed Abdul Jabar Shah. In the month of September 1917 he was dethroned on account of his alleged attachment with Qadyani/Ahmadi sect. After his removal from rule and subsequent exile, Miangul Abdul Wadud was installed as ruler of Swat in the month of September 1917. Swat State was recognized by the British Government in 1926. The recognition was granted with the condition that the state’s rulers will not act against the British Government. When in 1917 the Bolshevik Movement emerged in Russia, it also influenced Swat and surrounding areas. Some people were found here who had affiliation with Bolshevik Movement. The colonial government’s confidential records also show that some people of Swat were involved in secret activities of Bolshevik Movement. This article analyzes the expansion of Bolshevik Movement from Russia and Central Asia via Afghanistan to the frontier regions including Swat State. This paper also describes the steps taken by the British Government to control the activities of this movement.